List of Food dyes around the world

USA - Artificial colors permitted in the USA

FD&amp;C Yellow No.5 Tartrazine [102] FD&amp;C Yellow No.6 Sunset Yellow [110] FD&amp;C Red No.3 Erythrosine [127] FD&amp;C Red No.40 Allura Red AC [129] FD&amp;C Blue No.2 Indigotine [132] FD&amp;C Blue No.1 Brilliant Blue FCF [133] FD&amp;C Green No.3 Fast Green FCF [143] ~Orange B ~Citrus Red No.2 [121] ~Restricted conditions: Citrus Red No.2 can only be used on the skin of oranges and Orange B can only be used in hot dog or sausage castings or surfaces. From the US Food and Drug Administration Food Color Facts leaflet http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/colorfac.html (accessed April 2009) Note on Artificial/Natural colors permitted in the USA - In the US, permitted colors are classified by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as either ‘certifiable’ (for artificial colors) or ‘exempt from certification’ for natural colors (defined as ‘made from natural substances, such as vegetables, minerals, animals or man-made counterparts of the derivatives’).

Australia and New Zealand - There are 14 artificial colors currently permitted in Australia, many of which are banned or restricted in other countries.

Code    Name     Banned or restricted in other countries 102~    Tartrazine     UK, EU, previously banned in Norway 104~    Quinoline Yellow     UK, EU, USA, Japan, Canada, previously banned in Norway 110~    Sunset Yellow     UK, EU, previously banned in Norway 122~    Azorubine, Carmoisine     UK, EU, USA, Canada, Japan, previously banned in Norway 123    Amaranth     USA, previously banned in Norway 124~    Ponceau, Brilliant Scarlet     UK, EU, USA, previously banned in Norway 127    Erythrosine     previously banned in Norway 129~    Allura Red     UK, EU, previously banned in Norway 132    Indigotine     previously banned in Norway 133    Brilliant Blue     previously banned in Norway 142    Green S     USA, Japan, Canada, previously banned in Norway 143    Fast Green FCF     UK, EU, previously banned in Norway 151    Brilliant Black     USA, Canada, Japan, previously banned in Norway 155    Brown HT     USA, Canada, Japan, previously banned in Norway From Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) Food Additives Numerical List http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/_srcfiles/Food%20Additives%20numeric.pdf (accessed April 2009)

The Southamton Six colors - In the UK, the six artificial colours marked with an asterisk (the so called Southampton Six) are subject to a ‘voluntary phase out’ by the end of 2009. http://www.foodnavigator.com/Legislation/Ministers-on-board-with-Southampton-six-phase-out. In the EU, foods containing the Southampton Six colours will have to carry the warning: "may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children”. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/expert/infopress_page/067-33565-189-07-28-911-20080707IPR33563-07-07-2008-2008-false/default_en.htm Originally thought to be by the end of 2009, this now appears set to happen by mid-2010. Some of the big manufacturers in the UK are extending the voluntary ban to all artificial colours, especially Brilliant Blue 133. In the best known example, when UK Smarties changed to all natural colours in 2006, blue Smarties were withdrawn until a suitable natural alternative could be found. Health concerns about Brilliant Blue were raised by a laboratory study showing that Brilliant Blue may interact with other additives such as MSG to interfere with the development of the nervous system. http://education.guardian.co.uk/print/0,3858,5360498-108229,00.html

Japan - Artificial colors permitted in Japan

Japanese numbers and names:

181 Food Yellow No.4 (Tartrazine) and its Aluminum Lake [102] 182 Food Yellow No.5 (Sunset Yellow FCF) and its Aluminum Lake [110] 174 Food Red No.2 (Amaranth) and its Aluminum Lake [123] 177 Food Red No.102 (New Coccine) [Ponceau 4R] [124] 175 Food Red No.3 (Erythrosine) and its Aluminum Lake [127] 176 Food Red No.40 (Allura Red AC) and its Aluminum Lake [129] 185 Food Blue No.2 (Indigo Carmine) and its Aluminum Lake [132] 184 Food Blue No.1 (Brilliant Blue FCF) and its Aluminum Lake [133] 183 Food Green No.3 (Fast Green FCF) and its Aluminum Lake [143] 178 Food Red No.104 (Phloxine) [CI 45410] 179 Food Red No.105 (Rose Bengale) [CI 45440] 180 Food Red No.106 (Acid Red) [CI 45100]

From the Japan Food Chemical Research Foundation List of Designated Additives http://www.ffcr.or.jp/zaidan/FFCRHOME.nsf/pages/list-desin.add-x (accessed April 2009)

Red colors used mostly in Japan - Phloxine B (color index no. 45410) is a hydroxyxanthene colour additive used for colouring foods in Japan (food red 104). Also known as D&amp;C red no. 28, it is used for colouring drugs and cosmetics in the USA. Rose Bengal is (colour index 454100) used mainly in Japan, also known as 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodofluorescein disodium salt, bengal rose, acid red 94, food red color 95 sodium salt, rose bengal sodium. Acid Red (colour index 45100) is also known as (Food Red 106)

United Kingdom and European Union - Artificial colours permitted in the UK/EU

~E102 Tartrazine ~E104 Quinoline yellow ~E110 Sunset Yellow FCF; Orange Yellow S ~E122 Azorubine; Carmoisine E123 Amaranth ~E124 Ponceau 4R; Cochineal Red A E127 Erythrosine ~E129 Allura Red AC E131 Patent Blue V E132 lndigotine; Indigo Carmine E133 Brilliant Blue FCF E142 Green S E151 Brilliant Black BN; Black PN E153 Vegetable carbon E154 Brown FK E155 Brown HT

~Southampton Six colours soon to be restricted, see first table From the UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist and Food Additives in the European Union http://www.reading.ac.uk/foodlaw/additive.htm (both accessed April 2009)

Canada - Artificial colors permitted in Canada

Tartrazine FD &amp; C Yellow # 5 102 Sunset Yellow FCF FD &amp; C Yellow # 6 110 ~Citrus Red No. 2 Citrus Red # 2 121 Amaranth FD &amp; C Red # 2 123 ~Ponceau SX FD &amp; C Red # 4 125 [should be 124 – SD] Erythrosine FD &amp; C Red # 3 127 Allura Red FD &amp; C Red # 40 129 Indigotine FD &amp; C Blue # 2 132 Brilliant Blue FCF FD &amp; C Blue # 1 133 Fast Green FCF FD &amp; C Green # 3 143

~Restricted Use, see USA restrictions on Citrus Red No. 2

From the Canadian Food Inspection Agency Food Colours Permitted Synthetic Colours in Canada and Corresponding United States and European Names http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/labeti/decisions/coloure.shtml (accessed April 2009)

Norway - Artificial colours in Norway In 1978 the use of synthetic colourings in food in general was banned in Norway, due to the possible effect of synthetic colourings such as azo dyes on children. In addition, synthetic colorings were not considered to be necessary in foods.

When Norway implemented the EC Directives on food additives in 2001, this was changed and today the there is no difference between the food additives legislation in Norway and the EC Member States, except for labelling requirements. According to the EC Labelling Directive, artificial colours do not have to be labelled when used in products that are not prepackaged. However, to assist consumers to make an informed choice, Norway decided that all products on the National market must label the food colours whether prepackaged or not. From Norwegian Food Safety Authority 15/05/2006 http://www.mattilsynet.no/english/news_archive/norway_and_food_additives_34434 (Accessed April 2009)

The above info is reformatted from the Food Intolerance Network Factsheet - "Use of Artificial Colours Around the World" from the website: Fed up with Food Additives http://www.fedupwithfoodadditives.info/factsheets/Factcoloursworld.htm

Detailed list of Food Dye Laws in the European Union For an up to date detailed list of amendments to all food additives in the European Union, compiled by Dr. David Jukes, visit ' http://www.reading.ac.uk/foodlaw/additive.htm